India said on Wednesday it had carried out strikes on Pakistan in retaliation for a terrorist attack that killed 26 civilians in Kashmir last month.

The Indian government said its forces had struck nine sites in Pakistan and on Pakistan’s side of the disputed Kashmir region. At least two Indian aircraft were said to have gone down within India and in the Indian-controlled side of Kashmir, according to three Indian officials, local news reports and accounts of witnesses who had seen the debris.

The nuclear-armed archrivals have fought numerous wars, with the disputed area of Kashmir as a prime flashpoint, since 1947, when Britain divided India, its former colony, into two countries, India and Pakistan.

Here is what to know about Wednesday’s strikes, the attack in Kashmir, and the longstanding tensions between India and Pakistan, which both claim the region.

Where were the strikes in Pakistan?

The Indian government said its forces had struck nine sites in Pakistan and on Pakistan’s side of the disputed Kashmir region.