The article traces the history of the President of the State of Palestine, beginning with Yasser Arafat's assumption of the title in 1989 after the Palestinian Declaration of Independence. Initially a titular position, it ran parallel to the President of the Palestinian National Authority (PA).
From 1994, Arafat held both positions, a situation continued by Mahmoud Abbas after Arafat's death in 2004. In 2005, the Palestinian Central Council (PCC) formally requested Abbas to assume the duties of the President of the State of Palestine.
Since 2013, following the UN's recognition of the State of Palestine as a non-member observer state, the title President of the State of Palestine became the sole title.
The article emphasizes that unlike the President of the PA, the President of the State of Palestine is not elected democratically but rather appointed by the PLO Central Council. Both Arafat and Abbas were appointed this way.
Head of the State of Palestine
The president of the State of Palestine (Arabic: رئيس دولة فلسطين, romanized: Raʼīs Dawlat Filasṭīn) is the head of state of Palestine. Yasser Arafat became the first titular president of the State of Palestine in 1989, one year after the Palestinian Declaration of Independence. The title was originally titular, in parallel with the de facto title president of the Palestinian National Authority. Both functions were held by Arafat from 1994 and continued until his death in November 2004, and were continued by his successor Mahmoud Abbas. In January 2005, the Palestinian Central Council (PCC) asked Abbas to perform the duties of the president of the State of Palestine.[3] In November 2008, the PCC approved the continuation of Abbas's function as president of the State of Palestine.[4] Since 2013, the title president of the State of Palestine became the sole title of the Palestinian president.
On 15 November 1988, the Palestine Liberation Organization proclaimed the State of Palestine (SoP). Yasser Arafat, the Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization, assumed the title "President of Palestine". The United Nations recognized the PLO as the "representative of the Palestinian people". The PLO established a Palestinian National Council and a government in exile, both representing the Palestinian people worldwide.
The Oslo Accords established the parallel Palestinian National Authority (PA) and the Palestinian Legislative Council, both representing Palestinians in the Palestinian territories. From 1994, Arafat assumed the title of President of the Palestinian National Authority, which was consolidated by the 1996 Presidential elections. Since then, both functions (President of the SoP and of the PA) were simultaneously performed by a single person.
In 2012, the United Nations recognized the "State of Palestine" as non-member observer state, but this did not abolish the function of President of the Palestinian Authority,[citation needed] as this originated from the Oslo Accords.
Unlike the President of the Palestinian Authority, the position of President of the State of Palestine is not validated by democratic elections, but rather by the PLO Central Council. In 1989, the PLO Central Council elected Arafat the first President of the State of Palestine.[5] At the time, the PLO that elected him was led by Arafat himself. After Arafat's death in November 2004, the office was vacant. In May 2005, four months after Abbas was elected President of the Palestinian Authority, the PLO Central Council asked Abbas to act as President of State of Palestine.[3] On 23 November 2008, the PLO Central Council formalized the function by electing Abbas President of the State of Palestine.[4] The PLO organs that appointed Abbas in 2005 and 2008 were and still are led by Abbas himself.
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