The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) conducted COINTELPRO, a secret operation from 1955 to 1971, aiming to "disrupt, misdirect, discredit, or neutralize" politically objectionable individuals and organizations.
COINTELPRO's methods were not only unconstitutional in their objectives but also illegal in their tactics. The program involved covert operations broadly targeted and centrally directed from FBI headquarters.
The program's rationale stemmed from the post-World War II era of political repression known as McCarthyism. A congressional study emphasized the need for an aggressive covert organization to combat perceived threats, reflecting the prevailing anti-communist sentiment.
By secretly targeting specific groups and individuals, the FBI distorted the political process. The actions of the bureau exemplified a secret political police force, highlighting the abuse of power and infringement of civil liberties.