Student suicides in India nearly doubled in the last 10 years, increasing from 6,654 in 2012 to 13,044 in 2022, according to the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB).
While specific data is limited, major contributing factors include:
In 2022, approximately 16% of student suicides (2039 deaths) were attributed to exam-related anxiety, particularly concerning competitive entrance exams. This highlights the immense pressure placed on students to excel academically.
A National Medical Commission (NMC) report indicated that ragging significantly contributes to mental distress among students, with a notable percentage reporting suicidal ideation or attempts.
The high cost of higher education and educational loans add to the overall stress faced by students.
Alcohol and substance abuse are increasingly prevalent in educational institutions.
A survey of 8,317 students revealed that:
The Indian government launched a National Suicide Prevention Strategy (NSPS) in 2022, and the New Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) emphasizes student mental well-being. Initiatives such as anti-ragging regulations and the establishment of student counseling systems have been implemented, but further action is needed.
Addressing deeper anxieties related to relationships, social disconnectedness, and other social factors requires specialized skills and training. Social media can also add to the pressure and comparisons.
A comprehensive plan of action that includes prevention, early detection, and intervention is crucial. This requires the collaboration of government, parents, educational institutions, and NGOs, fostering a supportive ecosystem for student well-being.